The DOE determines SEER standards, establishing the minimum ratio that HVAC equipment must meet for sale, installation and use. On January 1, 2023, they increased the SEER rates and introduced a new measurement system to ensure additional energy efficiency and sustainability in the U.S.

SEER vs. SEER2

With the new SEER standards, the DOE introduced SEER2, an additional energy-efficiency measurement for manufacturers, homeowners and contractors. As of the start of 2023, all new equipment produced and installed in homes must meet these standards.

SEER2 introduces a new HVAC testing method that better reflects how residential HVAC units function. Piping systems in homes often cause an increased buildup of static pressure. The M1 testing process under SEER2 simulates these conditions to provide more accurate information about energy efficiency and sustainability. As they did with SEER, manufacturers, homeowners and contractors will aim for higher SEER2 ratings for better performance and efficiency.

What Products Are Affected by SEER2 Regulations?

The SEER and SEER2 regulations impact several types of products and HVAC components. Knowing what the changes affect can help you make better plans to invest in new home HVAC systems that meet compliance standards.

Equipment with SEER and SEER2 ratings include the following:

• Air conditioning units
• Heat pumps and furnaces
• Evaporator coils
• Single-packaged products
• HVAC parts and components

SEER2 and SEER are comprehensive regulations aiming to apply to most industry models, so equipment can continually perform its best for homes and the environment.

Why Are SEER Ratings Changing?

The DOE is adding the new SEER2 ratings to help manufacturers produce higher-quality equipment that matches how your home functions. However, SEER is an older measurement undergoing recent changes. The DOE updates standards based on new evidence and sustainability initiatives.

The raised SEER minimums can also benefit homeowners in several ways by:

• Reducing energy bills: SEER and SEER2 measure how well HVAC equipment uses its energy input to maintain temperatures. A higher-rated SEER model will use less energy and help homeowners cut energy costs. Energy-efficient HVAC systems will better utilize the input energy, so you only spend what you need.
• Improving comfort: Homeowners prioritize comfort when investing in HVAC equipment. They want units that will counter the elements and maintain their preferred conditions, regardless of their location. The SEER and SEER2 changes raise the standard minimums for energy efficiency, meaning these models can work less to stabilize and keep temperatures where you want them.
• Optimizing equipment life span: Energy efficiency can also impact equipment performance. Units that use energy efficiently can better avoid overworking or premature wearing. The new SEER ratings can help your equipment last its entire intended life span for a more worthy investment.

Learning the residential benefits of these energy efficiency regulations can help homeowners understand why they are important. Implementing this HVAC unit type enables homeowners to impact the environment with more sustainable solutions positively impact the environment.

What Are the 2023 SEER HVAC USA Regions?

SEER and SEER2 measure the seasonal performance of HVAC systems, so the DOE splits performance standards by geographic region to match each area's climate patterns and HVAC needs. Since it's warmer in southern regions, homeowners will want more efficient SEER and SEER2 scores to ensure their investment can maintain their comfort.

North Region

The North region has the most states, spanning both coastlines to cover all northern territories in the U.S. While each state and area has unique weather patterns and needs, milder summers typically mean these states require less powerful air conditioning units. The states in the North region are:

• Alaska
• Colorado
• Connecticut
• Idaho
• Illinois
• Indiana
• Iowa
• Kansas
• Maine
• Massachusetts
• Michigan
• Minnesota
• Missouri
• Montana
• New Hampshire
• Nebraska
• New Jersey
• North Dakota
• New York
• Ohio
• Oregon
• Pennsylvania
• Rhode Island
• South Dakota
• Utah
• Vermont
• Washington
• West Virginia
• Wisconsin
• Wyoming

SEER and SEER2 rates for this region determine the minimum energy efficiency standards for air conditioning units, heat pumps and single-packaged units. The 2023 SEER ratings have raised the minimums in the North region to the following:

• Air conditioning: 14.0
• Heat pumps: 15.0
• Single-packaged products: 14.0

The SEER2 ratings for the North region are as follows:

• Air conditioning: 13.4
• Heat pumps: 14.3
• Single-packaged products: 13.4

The DOE set SEER and SEER2 standards to meet the needs of these states, helping units preserve their performance and save energy. New equipment you purchase or install in these states must meet or exceed these standards.

Southeast Region

While the DOE groups all northern states together, it separates the southern ones into two distinct regions. The South typically gets hotter in the summer, requiring more energy-efficient equipment to maintain household comfort. Summers in the Southeast are also often more humid than those in the Southwest, distinguishing their needs.

The Southeast region includes the following states:

• Alabama
• Arkansas
• Delaware
• Florida
• Georgia
• Hawaii
• Kentucky
• Lousiana
• Maryland
• Mississippi
• North Carolina
• Oklahoma
• Tennessee
• Texas
• South Carolina
• Virginia

The updated SEER ratings for new HVAC equipment for your Southeast home include the following:

• Air conditioning: 15.0
• Heat pumps: 15.0
• Single-packaged products: 14.0

You can meet the DOE's additional efficiency standards with SEER2 ratings, including:

• Air conditioning: 14.3
• Heat pumps: 14.3
• Single-packaged products: 13.4

Southwest Region

The Southwest region is the smallest of the three, with drier summers than those in the Southeast. The states in the Southwest region include the following:

• Arizona
• California
• Nevada
• New Mexico

New HVAC equipment for your Southwest home must comply with the DOE with the new SEER ratings, including:

• Air conditioning: 15.0
• Heat pumps: 15.0
• Single-packaged products: 14.0

Like the other two regions, you will also need to consider SEER2 ratings when investing and installing new HVAC equipment in your home. The minimum requirements for SEER2 HVAC equipment in the Southwest are the following:

• Air conditioning: 14.3
• Heat pumps: 14.3
• Single-packaged products: 13.4

While these standards have just rolled out, staying up to date on energy efficiency standards can ensure you continually invest in the best equipment in the industry.

Will Old Equipment Qualify?

Many homeowners might be concerned about their existing HVAC units and equipment in the face of the DOE's new regulations rollout. The SEER and SEER2 changes do not mean you have to upgrade your equipment immediately, instead applying to manufacturing and installation processes. You can keep your current HVAC systems until the end of their life span and then invest in compliant equipment.

However, existing equipment can still experience impacts from the changes. Manufacturers can no longer make parts for non-compliant equipment. If you need repairs or replacements to maintain your current system, finding components can be more challenging now that the supply is cut off.

When investing in new equipment, it must meet new SEER and SEER2 requirements if buying and installing it after January 1. Further, your equipment must have been manufactured after January 1.

How Will SEER2 Impact Contractors?

Contractors should know the new requirements and restrictions on purchasing and installing HVAC systems. Many homeowners hire contractors to renovate and upgrade their homes, including subcontractors specializing in HVAC equipment. Like homeowners, these teams and companies will have a unique adjustment period to ensure compliance with the DOE's new standards and regulations.

Changes can impact project timelines. If homeowners met with contractors about installing a new HVAC system in 2022, they might have to return to the planning stages with the new year. Contractors installing equipment after January 1, 2023, must use models that meet the SEER and SEER2 regulations. Failure to comply with these standards can result in heavy fines and harsh penalties. Homeowners and contractors must work together to find a new model under new SEER standards.

Contractors might have longer wait times for parts and installation as producers and distributors adjust to changes. It might be harder to find components for older equipment, and new parts will be in low supply as they work through the design, testing and distribution stages.

When Should I Upgrade My HVAC System?

The new regulations and restrictions have many wondering if now is the time to replace and upgrade their HVAC systems. Homeowners can keep their existing systems after January 1, 2023. Your air conditioner and heater might have some functional and efficient years left, making it unwise to invest in new equipment just yet. However, knowing the common signs that your system is ready for replacement can help maintain your home's comfort.

1. When It Reaches the Industry Life Span

The DOE estimates homeowners should replace their HVAC system every 15 to 20 years. Equipment naturally ages over time, especially things like HVAC units that people use daily. Manufacturers will also provide projected life spans depending on their product's functionality and specifications. If your equipment is approaching the end of its expected life span, you might start looking into new models.

2. When Repairs Cost More Than Replacing the Unit

HVAC systems are comprehensive, with lots of different parts and components. Maintenance and malfunctions might reveal broken parts or wear that require repairs and replacements. Wear on one component can strain others in the system, causing them to overwork and wear before their time.

Upkeep will become more expensive as your equipment ages. Your older equipment might need comprehensive care more frequently, raising the costs of maintenance for the system. When maintenance and repairs add up to more than your unit's worth, it is time for a full replacement.

3. When Parts and Components Are Obsolete

In addition to the cost, manufacturers will stop producing parts at some point, making equipment obsolete. While necessary repairs may be simple, the lack of appropriate parts and equipment can make them impossible. When you can no longer find the essential components for your model, you can begin researching newer ones.

4. When Energy Bills Rise

As your equipment ages, you should pay closer attention to your energy bills. Equipment might start performing less efficiently, with wear and damage that untrained homeowners may overlook. Because it can be tricky to identify when HVAC systems are failing or aging past their prime, your utility bills can highlight when equipment is starting to fail.

HVAC energy efficiency can vary depending on the season and weather patterns, so subtle differences between monthly bills are natural. Instead, look for drastic and unusual increases.

5. When Your Home Is Uncomfortable or Temperature Is Inconsistent

Your HVAC system's performance determines its ability to maintain the set temperatures in your home. If your system fails to keep temperatures constant and consistent throughout the day, there might be problems with the system's components or equipment. Piping and tubing might also be wearing, causing stark differences between the temperatures in rooms in your home.

6. More Dust Is Present in Your Home

While HVAC systems heat and cool your home, they are also responsible for filtering the air quality. Your system should catch and filter particles like dust and dirt, preventing them from traveling through the vents. If you notice more dust buildup around your home, your HVAC system might be failing at its ventilation and filtration functions. It may be time for serious maintenance or replacements.

Replace Your HVAC System With Ingram's Water & Air

You can maintain HVAC compliance with changing regulations by upgrading your systems. Increased energy efficiency and long life spans can optimize your investment, while the rebates provided by the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 can offset costs. When you know your home is ready for a new HVAC system, you just need to find the right model for your needs and comfort.

Ingram's Water & Air offers complete collections of HVAC systems, components and accessories, so you can get everything your home needs in one place. We offer our customers free tech support for life, with trained experts ready to walk you through installations and repairs over the phone.

Explore our offerings today and discover how to maintain your home's comfort with a quality HVAC system.

If eco-friendliness is a consideration, you'll want to look for a newer model. Modern versions produce fewer harmful emissions, lowering global and local ambient air pollution. New EPA-certified wood stoves are also remarkably efficient, using one-third as much firewood to generate the same amount of heat.

Cons of a Wood Stove

Installation and the appliance itself can leave a dent in your pocket, though its durability and the sustainability of having one in your home can help offset the cost.

If you've never used a wood stove before, it might take a little getting used to. You'll have to stock up on cords of wood and keep them on hand at all times. You may even have to chop the wood yourself, which is great cardio, but a bit of a hassle. If you don't live near a forest, you may have to travel some distance to harvest your firewood.

Finally, the stove's body can get scorching hot, which could pose a safety risk to pets and small children.

Should I Use a Masonry Fireplace?

For a more traditional and aesthetically pleasing option, consider a masonry fireplace made of brick, stone and mortar. These fireplaces are most often installed during construction, though you can add the firebox and chimney afterward.

Pros of a Masonry Fireplace

Masonry fireplaces are functional and possess a certain rustic charm, making them a firm favorite. Their undeniable charm creates an ambiance that's challenging to replicate with other systems.

Masonry fireplaces are also versatile. Brick and mortar hold heat very well, so it can be an excellent choice for heating your homestead for long periods. You can also use masonry fireplaces to boil water if you'd like to save on energy costs.

Cons of a Masonry Fireplace

On the flip side, masonry fireplaces are large, with space-invading attachments like the chimney and hearth. You might find you're limited in where you can place your fireplace. Masonry fireplaces are fixtures in your home, so you'd better be sure about the location — as there'll be no moving it later, regardless of how it turns out.

Building a masonry fireplace in your home will be expensive and you'll also need to factor in cleaning and maintenance costs. The chimney serves as an exhaust and gets dirty quickly. Without regular maintenance and cleaning, blockages can develop and lead to fire hazards or dangerous carbon monoxide backflow.

Should I Use a Pellet Stove?

Pellet stoves take the guesswork out of homestead heating and provide one of the cheapest ways to heat a home. There isn't much opportunity for human error, either, so you'll be safe even if you have one too many glasses of red wine in front of the fire on a cold winter night.

Pros of a Pellet Stove

You can use a thermostat to control your pellet stove's temperature, and the central control panel makes them easy to operate. There's no need for manual adjustments with a pellet stove — its automation takes care of the temperature and airflow.

Pellet stoves are incredibly efficient, providing a lot of heat per pellet. This highly clean-burning stove option gives you as much heat as possible from every pellet with minimal waste. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requires all new pellet stoves to meet low-emission standards, which is fantastic for sustainability.

Installation is cost-effective and since pellet stoves don't require ventilation, you can install them anywhere you want. There are several models to choose from to suit the needs and sizes of the heated areas. While you'll have to clean them every few days, manufacturers have made pellet stoves easy to clean. Storing your fuel is also tidy and straightforward. You can buy the fuel in bags and keep some inside the stove — no mess, no fuss.

Cons of a Pellet Stove

Pellet stoves are electric, with additional bulky components that take up space and are challenging to move. These electrical components also make pellet stoves more of a hassle to maintain. You'll need to clean them out often and have a certified technician.

The electricity means you'll have another energy cost in addition to the fuel pellets. Reduced availability can increase fuel prices. Those pellets are also manufactured, meaning you can't harvest your own the way you can with firewood. If you let your supply get low, you could freeze while trying to get more.

Pellet stoves have a less traditional look — even the flames are different, which may not fit your homestead aesthetic. You also won't get the pleasant lull of a crackling fire with a pellet stove, as all their moving parts make them noisy.

Should I Use a Heat Pump?

A heat pump could make your shortlist if you're looking for more than just a heating option. The system uses heat from the outside air to warm your home. These multifunctional devices also remove the need for an air conditioning system while providing a reliable heating option in the colder months.

Pros of Heat Pumps

A heat pump is many people's first choice for homesteading temperature control. Instead of burning fuel to generate heat, they draw in heat from outside to warm your home. They'll also help you reduce costs compared to other electric heating options and limit your reliance on fossil fuels — a plus if you're environmentally conscious!

Heat pumps are user-friendly and low maintenance, which is good news if you prefer to spend your time doing something other than figuring out your heating system. They also don't use gas or release carbon monoxide, making them a safer heating option for small spaces and homes with children.

Cons of Heat Pumps

Despite their popularity, heat pumps do come with some downsides. Incorporating a complex technology is expensive, so expect to pay a pretty penny for installation, repairs and maintenance. Heat pumps also run on electricity, which can get expensive due to rising natural gas prices.

Heat pumps do better in temperate areas, as their efficiency plummets in colder climates. You'll also get cold quickly in a power outage unless you have a backup plan.

Should I Use Geothermal Heating?

Although geothermal heating is a bit complex, it has significant advantages in terms of off-grid energy.

Geothermal systems come in different types. Underground tubes circulate water — sometimes mixed with antifreeze — that the earth's temperature warms in winter and cools in summer. The tube systems connect to a unit in your homestead that converts the liquid into heated air, which travels throughout your home.

Pros of Geothermal Heating

Geothermal heating can have a significant impact on your heating and cooling costs. This eco-friendly system creates minimal air pollution, though you'll still need electricity from solar or grid power to operate one.

Like heat pumps, geothermal systems draw heat from the environment. However, geothermal heating is suitable for any climate since it pulls heat from the ground instead of the air.

Cons of Geothermal Heating

If you want the benefits of geothermal heating, you have to be willing to pay for them. You can't take advantage of this system unless you're prepared to dig up the roses and dip into your savings.

Installing a complex system like this is expensive. You may need to dig up your garden, as installation requires extensive landscaping to place the underground pipes. Depending on the technology, you might also need to upgrade the ducts in your home.

Should I Use Solar Heating?

There may not be more sustainable off-grid heating than harnessing the sun's energy. Solar heating systems are gaining popularity, though they still come with their own challenges.

Pros of Solar Heating

With solar heating, you may not need to use electricity at all. You're producing clean energy and minimizing your carbon footprint, as the sun's heat is entirely renewable. Once you get past the installation, solar may well be the cheapest way to heat a home.

Cons of Solar Heating

Sounds perfect, right? Pay specific attention to the phrase "once you get past the installation." A solar-powered heating system isn't cheap to install — quite the opposite. The upfront installation costs can be prohibitive, although the long-term energy savings still make it worth exploring as long as the sun shines.

Solar heating isn't suited to all climates. As the name suggests, solar heating requires sunlight, so your heating system won't work if you're short on that. If you live in a primarily overcast area, you may find that you can't generate heat at all.

Additionally, you'll need an inverter to change your DC current to AC. Depending on your inverter capacity — the maximum power your system can provide — more than a few days of bad weather might leave you shivering in the cold.

Should I Use Passive Building?

If your homestead is in the design or redesign phase, you can use passive building techniques to design a house that needs less energy. Instead of relying on air conditioning and heating systems, these techniques focus on regulating temperatures by using a building's passive influences — sunshine, shade and natural ventilation. Combine these principles with robust insulation and an airtight interior, and you have a passive house.

Pros of Passive Building

Passive building offers a lot of flexibility in the design, letting you build a house that suits your needs. A properly designed passive house will significantly reduce energy costs and improve indoor air quality, providing massive health benefits. You can also enjoy better-regulated temperatures in the rooms.

Relying on innovative architecture to heat your home gives you peace of mind as you reduce your carbon footprint. In the long term, passive building is an excellent investment for eco-friendly and off-grid living.

Cons of Passive Building

The main hurdle in passive building is the cost. Most existing homes will require a complete rebuild and the specialized architecture and materials make the process more costly than building a typical house.

Working with an experienced contractor is essential, which can further increase the cost. However, it will help prevent errors that could otherwise lessen your homestead's eco-friendliness and energy efficiency.

What's the Best Heating Option for Your Homestead?

Everyone has unique needs and requirements for homestead heating. The choice of what's best for you depends on your preference. There are some considerations to narrow down your options, including the following:

• Location: Where you live is central to your decision. Consider your climate, the distance you'll have to travel to get fuel for your heating system and the reliability of backup power.
• Maintenance: Every heating system requires maintenance, but it's worth considering how much time you'd like to spend cleaning and tweaking your system. What would you like your life to look like? If you can't picture yourself scrubbing dirty chimneys, it's worth focusing on more user-friendly options.
• Aesthetics: How important is the look and feel of your heating system? Are you looking for something that fits seamlessly with your homestead's rustic design or a purely functional alternative? Try to picture the different heating systems in your home and see if they work.
• Budget: Some heating options come with significant initial expenses. Consider what you're willing to spend upfront and weigh that against the long-term cost of various heating options. Which is best suited to your needs now and in the future?
• Energy saving: How off-grid do you want to be? Perhaps you prefer to stay away from electricity altogether or stick to natural fuels like wood. Considering how sustainable you'd like your heating system to be can help you narrow down your choices.

Upgrade Your HVAC With Ingrams Water & Air

You have many options for upgrading your HVAC system, each with its own pros and cons. Ingrams Water & Air has a wide range of options to suit your homestead's needs.

If you're looking for a way to save time, money and hassle when shopping for your next heating alternative, browse through what we have on offer. If you're interested in a pricier system, you might also want to consider our financing options.

Feel free to share your questions with us and let one of our experts help you make the best decision.

Wood pellet stoves use wood pellets to heat rooms and homes. Pellet stove efficiency is high, and it produces less air pollution than other standard options. In fact, they're so efficient the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) certifies wood pellet stoves as the cleanest form of residential heating. All of these cool features make them a popular choice for many homes.

As the name suggests, pellet stoves use wood pellets to heat spaces. Wood pellets are biofuels that contain compressed wood fibers. They're often retrieved from leftover lumber in sawmills. However, pellet stoves can also burn pellets made from other organic materials, like wood chips or nutshells.

Though they look similar to traditional stoves, wood pellet stoves work a little differently. All wood pellet stoves contain spaces called hoppers for pellet storage. Most hoppers hold between 35 and 130 pounds of pellets, which is about a day's worth of heat. A skinny, screw-like device called an auger transfers the pellets into the stove's burn pot, which is where the fire is created. The burn pot mixes fuel and air to build flames and heat the room. Wood pellet stoves also contain ash pots, which collect leftover ash and debris from the burning process.

Unlike traditional stoves, pellet stoves work by using the process of convection. During this process, the air becomes lighter and less dense as it increases in temperature. Hot air rises above the cool air to produce more heat. Pellet stoves have a convection blower, which pulls in cold air from the surrounding room. As the cooler air passes over the fire, the hot air rises and moves across a heat exchanger. This device transfers the warmer air across the room, warming the space.

Thermostats power most pellet stoves. The thermostat level controls the number of pellets that move into the burn pot. And the more pellets you burn, the hotter the room becomes.

How Many Amps Does a Pellet Stove Use?

Most pellet stoves require about 2.5 to 3 amps of electricity. This number represents the maximum amount of amps needed, because manufacturers often rate pellet stoves with more amps than necessary. That way, users have a cushion for electricity requirements just in case they fall short.

Because pellet stoves function through electricity, it's important to have backup sources of energy in case of power outages. Understanding amp usage helps you prepare backup sources like batteries. For example, finding an appropriately-sized battery requires specifications like:

• Battery bank size
• Amps used
• Make and model of the stove
• Average operating input current

Pellet Stove Efficiency: How Much Electricity Does a Wood Pellet Stove Use?

If you're considering purchasing a wood pellet stove, you might question how much electricity it typically uses. After all, utility bills are a significant portion of monthly expenses. Most wood pellet stoves need electricity to run. The electricity powers the fans, controls and pellet feeders, allowing them to function smoothly. They normally consume about 100 kilowatt-hours (kWh) per month, which translates to around $9 per month in costs.

You can calculate your average usage cost by referencing the U.S. Energy Department's table of state costs. They designate the average retail price, which is cents per kilowatt-hour. You can find your state's average retail price and multiply it by your stove's kWh usage.

How Efficient Is a Pellet Stove?

Let's face it — heating your home can be expensive. Efficient heating options warm your home without breaking the bank. The more efficient your heating device is, the less energy it uses. In other words, higher efficiency usually equals lower energy bills.

Efficiency is measured by the annual fuel utilization efficiency (AFUE) rating. This percentage represents how much energy your heating system converts into usable heat. High percentages mean higher efficiency rates. For example, let's say your heater has an AFUE rating of 85%. This metric indicates that the system uses 85% of the generated energy while wasting 15% of it.

Pellet stoves are known to be highly efficient. EPA-certified stoves typically have 70% to 83% efficiency, making them strong alternatives to other options. Their performance is largely due to the wood pellets' design, which is:

• Compact: Wood pellets are compact but contain high amounts of energy. The small size allows stoves to use less energy to burn through them.
• Low-moisture: The pellets also have low moisture contents, which lets them burn hotter. This trait also creates long-lasting and uniform heat, creating more comfort for homes.
• Organic consistency: Wood pellets have an organic consistency that also contributes to their efficiency. Pellets consist of sawdust, wood chips, bark and other natural materials. The organic makeup makes it easier to burn through them. And, pellet stoves produce very little ash and smoke, making them a cleaner choice overall.

What Are the Differences Between a Pellet Stove and a Wood Stove?

Another popular choice for home heating is a wood stove. These systems are also standalone options but use firewood to warm spaces. Both stove types produce dry and consistent heat.

It's easy to get confused about the differences between pellet stoves and wood stoves. After all, they both heat your home and have similar names. But the two options have some crucial differences that set them apart. For instance, they vary by:

• Fuel type: One of the biggest differences between the two is their respective fuel types. Wood pellet stoves use pellets, while wood stoves burn through traditional firewood. You can retrieve firewood in various ways, from purchasing it to collecting it yourself. On the other hand, you have to buy wood pellets on most occasions. The two stoves also differ by fuel storage — you keep wood pellets in a dry indoor space like a garage or shed, but usually store firewood outdoors.
• Fuel cost: Next, wood stoves and pellet stoves have different fuel expenses. Depending on your location and availability, wood pellets or firewood might be more costly than the other. It's also important to consider fuel longevity. Your average usage amount will impact how quickly you burn through resources and can drive up your costs.
• Life span: Both stove types can last around 20 years. However, wood pellet stoves have more electrical parts that could wear down over time. For instance, it uses fans, motors and switches to operate. If one of these parts fails, you would need to either replace it or the entire unit.
• Environmental impact: Overall, wood pellet stoves have a lower environmental impact than wood stoves. Pellet stoves produce less ash and release fewer emissions, making them the greener choice. And, wood pellet stoves are often more efficient.
• Installation method: Wood stoves usually require an insulated chimney system to get rid of the smoke. On the other hand, wood pellet stoves are usually standalone structures and are easy to install. Both options need proper installation methods for safe use. Incorrect installation can lead to fire risks. You normally need a permit for both types before installation to ensure it meets building codes.

What Is the Average Pellet Stove Cost per Month?

Let's take a closer look at other pellet stove costs per month. Breaking down different costs can help you gain a more complete understanding of this investment.

First, you'll face initial costs when you purchase the pellet stove. Your upfront costs will vary depending on the type of pellet stove you choose. For instance, your first expenses depend on factors like:

• Stove type: You can select a freestanding stove or insert one into your wall. Pellet stove inserts are often more expensive because of additional installation procedures, like drilling holes into the wall surface. And, you usually have to connect insert stoves to your chimney, which costs extra. On the other hand, you can place freestanding stoves in any location without extra setup processes.
• Size: The stove's size also impacts its overall cost. Larger stoves emit more heat but typically have higher price tags. Pellet stove size is often measured by British thermal units (BTU). The higher the BTU, the more expensive your stove will likely become. Your stove size should adequately heat your home or desired room.
• Model: You can find many different pellet stove brands and models. All these options vary in price, depending on manufacturer quality, efficiency, market trends and more. Reputable and popular brands will likely have higher premiums than newer or lower-quality ones.

In addition to your upfront expenses, you'll have to pay ongoing usage fees. These are some costs you can face each month:

• Fuel expenses: You need a steady supply of pellets to power your pellet stove. Many different suppliers and pellet types are available, so your monthly fuel costs can vary. Most suppliers sell pellets in large packages, such as 40-pound bags. This size bag is usually between $5 to $9 and is enough to power the stove for about 24 hours. The number of bags you buy depends on your typical stove usage. For example, if you use your stove for five days throughout the month, your monthly fuel expense might be around $35 to $45.
• Usage expenses: Next, you can factor in electricity costs. As mentioned, pellet stoves cost about $9 per month in electricity expenses. This price varies based on your location and typical usage.
• Maintenance expenses: Lastly, your pellet stove needs regular maintenance, which can add to your monthly costs. You need to clean it consistently and remove leftover ash from the ash pot. In addition, many owners hire HVAC professionals to inspect and service the stove once a year. If any stove components break down, you will also have to cover repair costs.

Can You Heat Your Whole House With a Pellet Stove?

Yes, you can use a pellet stove as a primary heat source. Pellets are a renewable resource, so you should have a steady fuel supply for as long as your stove functions. Extremely large houses might require additional heaters to reach a comfortable temperature, but small and average-sized homes can usually heat the entire area with one stove.

Your stove needs proper air movement and ductwork to heat the entire house. You can connect the pellet stove to your pipes and ducts to facilitate heat flow. Once you load the stove with pellets, it supplies consistent heat for your home.

The number of pellets your stove requires depends on your home's size. If you use the stove 24 hours each day, you'll need a consistent supply of bags to maintain warmth. But if you only turn on the pellet stove for a few hours, one bag will last longer.

How Can You Get the Most Out of Your Pellet Stove?

After you purchase your wood pellet stove, you might wonder how to make your pellet stove more efficient. You can maximize your pellet stove investment by following these tips:

• Follow the maintenance recommendations: Your stove will likely come with manufacturer instructions and maintenance rules. For instance, a certain pellet type might help the stove perform at its best. You might also have to clean the stove a specific number of times each month or schedule a visit with an HVAC technician. Follow these maintenance recommendations as closely as you can to ensure your pellet stove can function properly. That way, you're more likely to avoid repair costs.
• Research as much as possible: Finding the best pellet stove for your needs requires research. With so many brands and sizes available, identifying the best fit can seem overwhelming. Researching available options, average costs and other considerations can help you purchase a pellet stove that matches your home specifications. And, it gives you a better idea of how to run the stove once you own it.
• Stock up on pellets: If you're relying on a pellet stove as your sole heat source, it's essential to maintain a sufficient supply of pellets. After you use the stove for a few months or a year, you can understand your home's typical usage. You can estimate how many pellets you usually use throughout the month and buy the correct quantity. It's also a good idea to purchase extra for a backup supply.

Update Your Home’s HVAC With Ingram's Water & Air

A wood pellet stove is an excellent option for heating your home. Its energy efficiency and low overall costs set it apart from other heating choices. At Ingram's Water & Air, we understand the importance of high-quality HVAC solutions. Heating plays a direct role in your home's comfort, and you deserve the best quality possible.

We offer a wide range of heating and cooling units for your home. Our knowledgeable team can help you find the personalized HVAC solution that meets your home's needs. We also offer:

• Product warranties
• Competitive prices
• Free product estimates
• Technical help with unit installation
• Top-rated brands and a broad selection

To get started with Ingram's Water and Air, shop online today.

Refrigerant is essential to how your AC system works to cool your house. To cool the air drawn into the AC unit, the system needs something to remove the heat and create cold. This is where the refrigerant comes in. AC refrigerant carries heat to the outside unit, releasing the heat as condensation. After traveling outside, the now-cool refrigerant returns to the inside unit, absorbing the heat once more. Cool air is blown into the house through vents, helping control the temperature in your home.

The refrigerant cycle is continuous, and this closed loop should always have constant refrigerant levels. If these levels change, it can mean a problem with the system or an overfilling of refrigerant. Either of these issues can lead to reduced efficiency and higher energy costs for your home. Your refrigerant is vital to the cooling process — there are several different kinds of refrigerants, each with slightly different compositions, but they all facilitate air cooling.

What Does It Mean When an AC Is Overcharged?

An overcharged AC simply means there's too much refrigerant in the system. It's a much less common issue than having an undercharged AC. An undercharged AC doesn't have enough refrigerant in your system. Leaks that allow the refrigerant to escape from the air conditioner often cause air conditioner issues, but AC problems can also be due to an overcharged system.

When you get your unit installed, it will have the proper amount of refrigerant inside of it. The correct amount of refrigerant lets the AC system cool your air correctly and efficiently, maintaining the correct pressure levels and system functions. Too much refrigerant leads to an overcharged air conditioner, which can reduce your unit's efficiency and cause several other problems for your system. These issues can become costly if you ignore them or try to repair them without a professional technician.

How Do AC Refrigerants Become Overcharged?

The most common reason for an overcharged air conditioner is non-professionals putting too much refrigerant in the system. This generally occurs right after installation or as a result of AC problems. When a professional installs the AC system, they put the refrigerant inside the unit. An amateur technician or even the homeowner might put too much refrigerant in the unit during installation.

Along with installation, excess refrigerant might happen when an amateur attempts repairs. It's easy to see signs of AC problems and attribute them to an undercharged AC. Many people think AC problems mean the refrigerant just needs to be topped up as if it were oil or gas, but this is a common misconception. Refrigerant shouldn't leave the AC system or evaporate over time if the system is working properly.

If refrigerant levels are low, it's because the system has a leak somewhere. If an amateur examines the unit, they'll often overfill the refrigerant attempting to resolve the problem. Instead of correcting the problem, they'll put more refrigerant in the air conditioner, leading to an overcharged AC.

What Happens When Your AC Has Too Much Refrigerant?

But what's wrong with too much refrigerant? Why is that an issue for your air conditioner?

Too much refrigerant can lead to several problems with your AC system. These issues might start as minor annoyances but can quickly lead to damages, poor AC efficiency and even significant repairs or replacements. The longer an overcharged AC goes unnoticed, the more extensive the damage will become, and the more expensive repairs will be.

The primary problem with an overcharged air conditioner is interference with the refrigerant cycle itself. Excess refrigerant in the system means the refrigerant can't properly convert between its liquid and gaseous forms. More refrigerant will remain a liquid, affecting the home's cooling and the system's efficiency. Additionally, increased refrigerant remaining in its liquid state means excess pressure inside the AC system, causing the AC system to work harder.

The harder the air conditioner has to work, the less efficient it will be and the more energy it will use to maintain the climate in your home. The more the AC works, the most expensive your energy bills will be. This strain on the system can lead to the compressor burning out if left unresolved.

Another serious issue that can occur is liquid refrigerant entering the AC compressor. When too much liquid refrigerant cycles through the AC system, excess refrigerant can enter the compressor, mixing with the oil. Refrigerant mixing with oil can cause the compressor to burn out and the entire unit to fail, requiring a complete replacement.

Refrigerant in the compressor can also lead to slugging, which is when the refrigerant floods the piston cylinders inside the compressor. Slugging can lead to several issues inside the compressor, which can all cause severe damage. Some problems include broken connecting rods, broken pistons, compressor damage and an increase in crankcase pressure, leading to an over-pressurized AC system.

Overcharging can cause serious problems for your AC system. You might even have to replace your air conditioner if you don't catch problems early enough, leaving you with expensive repair costs.

Signs That Your Air Conditioning Is Overcharged

If you suspect you have an overcharged AC, you should have a professional inspect it immediately. The earlier you can catch a problem, the less expensive it will be for your energy bills and repair costs. It's easy to notice the signs of an overcharged air conditioner once you know what you're looking for.

Recognizing potential signs of an overcharged AC will help preserve your peace of mind and give you the tools you need to catch problems early. Common overcharged AC symptoms include the following:

Uneven Pressure Levels

You might have trouble telling if you have varying pressure levels on your own. However, unresolved pressure issues will strain your AC system and lead to lowered efficiency, increased costs and unit damage. Contact a professional to perform pressure readings, especially if you don't have the proper equipment for the job. Uneven pressure levels can come from the liquid refrigerant entering the compressor or traveling through the places where it should be gaseous.

Frost Layers

Frost is always a sign of a problem with your air conditioner, but it might be difficult to tell exactly what is causing the frost. Sometimes, frost layers indicate low refrigerant levels in the unit. Frost is also a potential sign of an overcharged AC system. Speak with a technician and request AC servicing — they can determine the exact cause of the frost layers.

No Air Flow

While it's normal if an AC sometimes doesn't start up immediately, a lack of air flow might be due to excess refrigerant. If you start the air conditioning and it doesn't blow any air at all after a few minutes, turn the system off immediately. Your system might be blown out or overcharged, and you'll need professional assistance to prevent further damage.

Unusual Noises

Any unusual or loud noises suddenly coming from your air conditioner are most likely a sign of system issues. If you start hearing squealing noises from your air conditioner unit, you could have an overcharged AC. Loud squealing often comes from excess pressure in the air conditioning lines, which can mean some of the refrigerant hasn't converted into gas. Forcing the liquid refrigerant through tiny hoses and nozzles creates the squealing noise you hear.

Weak Cooling

Another sign of an overcharged AC is weak cooling. If your air conditioner isn't reaching the target temperature  or the air coming out of the vents feels warmer, too much refrigerant might be the problem. Excess refrigerant stops the AC from working correctly and efficiently. This causes the system to fail to maintain cooler temperatures like it used to.

Increased Bills

An air conditioner running correctly will operate efficiently. You'll get the temperature you set consistently and within a reasonable amount of time. If you're looking at your energy bills and notice an unusual spike, it might be an overloaded air conditioner. First, ensure there aren't any gaps or openings in your home letting out the cold air. Next, check that the weather has been regular — unusual spikes in temperature can lead to increased energy costs.

If you're certain everything else is normal, and your energy bills are still going up, it could be an overcharged AC. An over-pressurized AC system will work harder to maintain the climate, using more energy and increasing your bills.

Shutting Down Completely

If the liquid refrigerant enters the compressor and mixes with the oil or the pressure becomes too great and makes the unit work too hard, you may experience a complete shutdown. An AC shutting down entirely might be a sign of burnout. Once your system burns out, it could be beyond repair, and you might need to replace your entire air conditioner. Have a professional inspect burnt-out ACs so they can determine the extent of the damage.

How to Fix an Overcharged AC

While fixing your air conditioner on your own might be tempting, you should avoid trying to repair the system yourself. Without proper training, it's easy to make the problem worse or incorrectly fix it. If you're experiencing any overcharged refrigerant symptoms, the best way to diagnose and repair your system is to call a professional technician. Doing air conditioner fixes on your own can be a safety hazard and might leave you with a more expensive professional repair bill if you don't get it right.

Professionals have the training and equipment needed to calculate the correct refrigerant levels of your AC system. Since excess refrigerant can cause significant damage to your air conditioner, technicians can make any necessary repairs and recommend solutions for you. They'll look at the whole system and find the root cause of the problem. If your AC can't be repaired and you need to replace it, they'll give you good options for a new air conditioner so you can have your cool air up and running once more.

While technicians can help you after the fact, you should also plan to avoid this issue in the future. You can steer clear of overcharged ACs and expensive repairs by avoiding handling your refrigerant levels yourself. Refrigerant does not need regular top-ups or refilling — this will overcharge your air conditioner. Instead, if you suspect you have a leak or a problem with your refrigerant, schedule service immediately to ensure the health of your AC.

Additionally, scheduling regular maintenance with a professional service can prevent overcharging and other AC problems. Regular air conditioner cleaning and maintenance can keep the system running smoothly. Ensure the air flow isn't blocked and that all the system components are working correctly. Get your air conditioner inspected at least once a year by a professional to ensure there are no potential issues.

Let Us Help You at IWAE

Do you have any ongoing AC issues and you're just ready to experience the comfort of a new system? Let us help you find an air conditioning system that's perfect for you today!

Your comfortable indoor temperature might change depending on clothing, outdoor temperature, activity or preferences. Everyone is different and will have a favorite coolness and warmth setting for their home. While every homeowner has their comfort temperature, Energy Star recommends setting thermostats to 78 degrees Fahrenheit in the summer when you're home.

Many people think 72 degrees is a suitable temperature for summer air conditioning, but it's actually too low to help you save money. For your home, 78 degrees is the best temperature in the summer since it's cool enough that you aren't overheating but close enough to hotter outdoor temperatures that your AC doesn't have to work as hard to maintain it. The closer the indoor temperature is to outdoor conditions, the lower your energy bill.

What Is the Best Temperature for Sleeping?

For nighttime, you want the temperature to be lower. The National Sleep Foundation recommends setting your AC between 60 and 67 degrees to get the best sleep. Your body cools down as you fall asleep, so sleeping in a cool room helps you get to sleep better. Since the temperature cools down at night, you can lower your AC without increasing your energy bill too much — the system won't have to use as much energy to achieve the cooler temperature, and you'll sleep better when you aren't hot.

If you can sleep with the AC set higher at night, leave the temperature above 70. Use fans, open windows, thin pajamas and light sheets to help you stay cool while you're sleeping. Summer nights are much cooler than days, so take advantage and let night air flow through your house with open windows for a natural alternative to using the AC.

What Is the Best Temperature for Babies?

Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) standards keep newborn rooms between 72 and 78 degrees to regulate infant temperatures. Since babies aren't as good at regulating their body temperatures, you'll want to keep their rooms at a comfortably warm level.

For babies and toddlers, 65 to 70 degrees is a good level to keep their rooms at. If you are unsure of exactly what temperature to set, aim for something slightly warmer and ensure it's a level you would be comfortable wearing a T-shirt in.

What Is the Best Temperature for Older Adults?

Older adults should set their homes to at least 70 degrees to keep their bodies regulated in summer. As we get older, we become more sensitive to cold and heat. Older adults need to stay at a comfortable temperature to prevent overheating or hypothermia. To save energy costs, close doors and vents in rooms you don't use so your AC focuses on rooms you'll be in. Stay hydrated and cover windows to keep the house cool.

What Is the Best Temperature for Pets and Plants?

We aren't the only living things in our homes — our pets and plants need to stay happy and healthy, too. Whether you have animals or greenery inside, set your house climate to something that suits them.

For dogs and cats, temperatures from 68 to 75 degrees during the day work well. Animals with longer hair might not handle heat as well as short-haired pets, so lower the AC if you have especially furry friends. If you have spiders, snakes, lizards, birds, rodents or some other kind of pet, they might have more specific climate needs. Do some research and talk to pet store employees to find out the best temperature for your pet.

If you have houseplants, you'll need to keep them in the best growing conditions. Many houseplants, while highly adaptable, are tropical. Many plants can tolerate 58- to 86-degree environments, but keeping them in rooms 70 to 80 degrees is best for their health. At night, you can lower the temperature to 65-70 degrees. Use pebble trays with water for a cost-effective humidity-producer for your plants.

What Is the Best Temperature for Your Belongings?

While our first thought when cooling our house is our family members, our belongings can become damaged if they get too hot. If you have significant family photographs, documents and prints, the National Archives recommends storing them in cool places below 75 degrees. This helps protect them from chemical decay and fading.

For your electronics, try to prevent them from overheating. Components can suffer if exposed to more extreme temperatures, so keep them in moderate conditions. Laptops are built to function between 50 and 95 degrees, but room temperature — around 68-74 degrees — is best for keeping them in working order.

Most belongings can handle the same indoor temperatures you can, so don't worry too much about your belongings during the summer. If you think it's getting too hot in your house for your belongings, move them to a cool, dark space for protection.

Tips for Staying Cool During the Summer

While 78 degrees is the best temperature for your AC in summer, it can be on the warmer side for many people. If your house feels too hot, you could end up adjusting the AC again, driving up your energy bill. To help keep your home comfortable, try some of these helpful tips.

Use Fans

Fans and ventilation are an excellent way to keep cool during hot periods. Use small electric fans to blow air onto you and stay refreshed in summer. For an extra cooling breeze, place a bowl of ice in front of the fan. As the ice melts, the cool water vapor blows onto you with the help of the fan.

Remember that fans cool people and not rooms — small fans are great for keeping the heat off you but won't cool down an entire space. Always turn fans off when you aren't in the room — this can help save you money on your electric bill.

To help with humidity, use bathroom fans. Too much moisture can make a room feel even hotter than it is, so turn off any humidifiers while inside. While you shower, put the bathroom fans on to remove that excess humidity. Consider buying dehumidifiers if your home's humidity is too high. Dehumidifiers help remove the moisture from a space, making it feel cooler, so you don't need to lower your temperature.

Change the Ceiling Fan Direction

Along with the smaller box, desk or oscillating fans, ceiling fans are perfect for getting a gentle breeze. They work great and send out lots of air so you don't feel the summer heat. In summer, always make sure fans are spinning counterclockwise. This direction pushes the cool air down, blowing it onto you instead of pulling it up. Ceiling fans will help you feel cooler without using the AC unit.

Increase the Temperature While You're Away

Set your thermostat higher when you're not home for higher energy savings. Setting the thermostat 7-10 degrees higher than its usual setting for eight hours a day can save you up to 10% on your yearly cooling bill. By not having your house constantly cooling when you aren't there, your AC system will use less energy, work less hard and last longer.

If you can't set your thermostat that high for eight hours every day, any time spent with the system set higher will still help save you money. A few hours every day at a higher setting will reduce the work your AC system is doing and lower the amount you'll have to spend on cooling costs. Try turning the AC off at night when it's cooler if possible and use fans or open windows to keep you from overheating.

Close Shades and Weatherstrip Doors

Closing shades or using good curtains to cover the windows during the day keeps the heat out and the cool in. Sunlight and warmth come through uncovered windows during the day, heating your home and causing your AC to kick on more frequently. Blocking the sunlight with closed shades or thick curtains will prevent most of the heat from sneaking indoors during the day.

Weatherstripping doors and windows is a great way to insulate your house against heat and cold. Small gaps and cracks between door and window frames allow air to travel in and out of your house. Larger holes and leaks will let the cool air inside escape, making your AC work harder and heating up your home. Put quality weatherstripping on your doors and windows to create an insulated barrier, trapping the cool air indoors and keeping your house cool.

Avoid Using Heat-Generating Appliances

Appliances like ovens, stoves and dryers can raise indoor temperatures. Try to use them after 8 p.m. to avoid heating the house. If you have to use them during the day, try to run them only once to reduce the heat entering your home. While these appliances don't always raise temperatures a lot, any excess heat sitting in your home will cause the AC to work harder, increasing energy costs.

Open Windows at Night

Opening your windows at night is a great, cost-effective way to cool your house down. Cooler night air and breezes can flow through the house, lowering the temperature and saving your AC unit from having to do all the work. Turn your AC off at night and let the nighttime air blow inside, relieving you from the day's heat. Just make sure your unit can handle frequent turning on and off — repeatedly switching a unit on may wear it out, so consider getting a variable-speed unit to avoid this issue.

While opening windows in the evening and at night is an excellent way to stay cool, keep your windows closed during the day. Open windows will let the heat and warmth of summer travel inside while the cool AC air gets sucked out. Even if there's a gentle daytime breeze, it won't be enough to keep the house cool without making your AC system work harder. Keep windows closed and covered during the day and open them at night for the best, least expensive cooling.

Get Seasonal AC Maintenance

You rely on your AC system to keep you cool during hot summers, and the last thing you want is an unexpected issue or outage. Forgetting seasonal AC maintenance is a common air conditioning mistake that can cost you a lot.

Your AC constantly runs during the summer, so it needs routine maintenance to work correctly. A damaged or unmaintained unit can run less efficiently, working harder to cool the home and costing you more money on your cooling bills. The more you put off maintenance, the more likely you will need a more extensive, more expensive repair down the road.

AC maintenance will check for issues, perform tune-ups and catch concerns before they turn into problems. Get your AC system checked at least once a year before the summer starts to keep your unit running efficiently for the whole summer.

Seasonal maintenance will help prevent problems that cause your AC to go out, which would leave you stuck without a cool house in the middle of summer. Look into local companies' maintenance programs — they're often low-cost and easy to get. Some AC systems will even have seasonal check-ups included in their warranties for easy servicing.

Get a Programmable Thermostat

Programmable thermostats are a convenient way to help reduce energy costs. Installing a programmable thermostat allows you to set a schedule, setting different temperatures at different times. With a programmable unit, you don't have to remember to change the thermostat when you leave or come back home. The system will do it automatically based on the schedule you've set for each day.

Setting a schedule and letting the house stay warmer will help cut energy costs at the push of a button. You can set different schedules for specific days, allowing you to keep the house cool all weekend when you're home and letting the house warm up during the day while you're at work. Look at installing energy-efficient thermostats or AC systems and potentially receiving energy rebates, saving even more.

Stay Cool and Save on Your Energy Bill

Using intelligent strategies when cooling your home will help you increase your energy efficiency and save you money during the summer. Energy-conscious systems might let you qualify for energy rebates, saving you even more on your energy bills, and programmable thermostats allow easy control over your AC system for lower cooling costs. Maximize your home's temperature system affordably with quality air conditioning products.

With over 30 years of experience, Ingram's Water & Air offers expert resources and high-quality HVAC products to ensure your home is as comfortable and cost-efficient as possible. Explore our heating and air conditioning options to find the best system for your home today.

Heating and cooling your home contributes to a majority of your energy expenses. Upgrading your thermostat is a great way to cut down on those costs and fine-tune your at-home comfort. Adjusting the temperature throughout the day, such as while you're away or while you sleep, can save you up to 10 percent annually and even ensure a good night's rest. But since there isn't one thermostat to rule them all, you'll want to make sure you upgrade to a thermostat model that is compatible with your home's system and wiring.

So how do you find out what kind of thermostat you need? To answer that, let's take a look at what types of thermostats are available, how they work with your HVAC system and what you should be looking for in a replacement.

What types of thermostats are there?

Thermostats fall into two general categories — manual and programmable. Between these two models there are three styles — electronic, electromechanical and smart. This variety allows for a few different combinations, so let's take a look at each option to better understand what they offer and how they work.

Manual thermostats

Sometimes referred to as analog thermostats, manual thermostats require homeowners to manually adjust their system to manage their home's temperature. They tend to cost less up front and they can last longer, but they aren't always reliable when it comes to temperature accuracy. They can also make it harder to cut energy expenses, since you have to remember to change the temperature every time you leave, come home or go to sleep. As home technologies advance, people are beginning to shift away from manual thermostat models in favor of their programmable counterparts.

Programmable thermostats

Programmable thermostat models are ideal for customization and energy savings. As their name suggests, homeowners can program these thermostats to adjust the temperature during different parts of the day. This cuts down on the cost of heating or cooling the house while residents are away. Different settings can be chosen for certain days of the week, such as keeping things warmer or cooler on weekends when individuals and families are spending more time at home. Programmable models allow you to keep the house at your preferred temperatures while you're there and modify it while you're away, ensuring reliable comfort without hiking your utility bills.

While these models tend to have a higher price tag up front, programmable thermostats can save you money in the long run. Just don't try to treat a programmable model like its an analog thermostat! Allowing the automatic controls to do the work, as opposed to turning the temperature up and down, is your best bet for using a programmable thermostat to its full potential!

Styles of thermostats

All thermostats regulate a home's heating and cooling system, but how they do that and what systems they're compatible with are what determine the style. The three styles, their function and capabilities are as follows:

• Electronic thermostats use digital sensors to detect temperature and adjust the heating and cooling system accordingly. They're all programmable and can be used to customize settings and control air accordingly.
• Electromechanical thermostats are commonplace in older homes and use older technology. Using a combination of electricity and internal mechanics, this style of thermostat often relies on internal coils and a small vile of mercury to manage temperatures. Their programming functions are extremely limited, but they typically work with most gas, oil and electric systems.
• Smart thermostats are the latest advancement in home technology. They are internet-enabled, which means they can be adjusted remotely through your smartphone, tablet or computer. Smart thermostats offer the most room-to-room customization, maximum efficiency and advanced automation. These are the most sophisticated thermostats on the market, but be aware that they are not universally compatible with all HVAC systems.

Between these three styles, there are lots of options to consider when deciding which one is right for you, but one of the quickest ways to narrow down the list is choosing a compatible thermostat for your HVAC system.

Are all thermostats compatible with all HVAC systems?

Unfortunately, not all thermostats are compatible with every HVAC system. In the same way that not all thermostats are created equal, neither are heating and cooling systems. The ability for systems to communicate with a thermostat and vice versa depends on things like voltage, wiring, and zoning, among other things. Understanding your home's heating and cooling capabilities can determine which thermostat will work best for you.

How do I check my HVAC system's compatibility?

There are several things that determine your HVAC's compatibility. While you may be able to determine some of these components on your own, having a professional to come look at your system is the best way to get an accurate idea of what you'll need in a new thermostat. Let's break down the four things a professional is going to look at in your system — wiring, voltage, zoning and stages.

Wiring

Wiring is the biggest determinant of which type of thermostat is right for you. The system you have will determine what wires are available for connection. A more complex thermostat may require wiring that is not available in your equipment, which may eliminate some contenders. Another wiring consideration is where your original thermostat is placed in your home. To avoid some technical rewiring work, you'll want to ensure that a new thermostat is able to replace the old one where it currently rests on the wall. Each HVAC system is equipped with a circuit schematic, but it's best to leave deciphering these up to the professionals! A misstep with wiring can lead to all sorts of damage, including malfunctions, expensive repairs and higher utility bills.

Voltage requirements

Your thermostat needs to be compatible with your HVAC's voltage requirements. All systems have one of these three voltage levels:

• Low voltage or 24V power
• Millivolt
• High voltage, 110V or 240V power

Most thermostats are designed for low voltage systems, which is the most popular level in homes today. However, if you have wall or floor heaters, the voltage will be millivolt, and if you have an electric baseboard system, the voltage will be high. Be sure to look for this classification when shopping for your new thermostat. Once again, a professional is your best bet in understanding the voltage compatibility you'll need.

Zoning

The temperature in a house can vary room to room and floor to floor. Whether the sun beats down on the upstairs during the afternoon or a section of your house was poorly insulated, there are many causes for these discrepancies. That's where zoning comes in! System zoning refers to a network of thermostats that control various parts of your house and are connected to a primary control center. Using dampers in the ductwork, the separate thermostats work independently to maintain each zone's programmed temperatures.

By controlling the flow of air to an unused section of the house you can save money, or you could customize bedroom temperatures to suit individual preferences. Though systems with zoning capabilities require an initial upfront investment, the U.S. Department of Energy estimates that proper zoning controls can save homeowners up to 40 percent on their energy costs!

Single-stage, two-stage or variable speed

Heating and cooling systems can be classified into three output stages: single-stage, two-stage and variable speed. A single-stage system can only operate on one output setting, which is full power. It's either on or it's off. Two-stage systems offer more flexibility. These systems have the option to run at a slower speed, usually around 65 percent. This is a great option for milder climates since it can heat or cool the house gradually. Two-stage systems can also run at full capacity, which can be used during more extreme weather. Variable speed systems offer a range of speeds that allows your system to nuance its output for different temperature conditions. The best way to determine whether you'll need a single-stage thermostat, two-stage thermostat or variable speed thermostat also involves wiring, which is yet another reason why calling a professional is a smart move!

What should you look for in a replacement thermostat?

Now that you understand your system's compatibility requirements, you may still have a handful of thermostats to choose from. There are some additional variables to consider when upgrading your thermostat, including price, features and precision.

Price

When considering price, there is a thermostat for every budget. Some manual thermostats can cost as low as $20, while advanced thermostats sell for well over $500. While a low-cost option may be a tempting place to save money, spending a little extra up front may actually be the best way to save over time. Choosing a compatible thermostat that offers energy-efficient technology can save you in your heating and cooling bills, an expense that adds up in a hurry. Just be sure you don't spend extra for features you don't intend to use. Know your system and your lifestyle needs and spend accordingly!

Features

Thermostats offer a variety of unique features for your system. Programmability is an obvious feature, allowing you to automate the temperature in your home for different times of day or even days of the week. Just set the controls and walk away! Some thermostats offer additional inputs and can collect information on humidity levels and outdoor conditions, as well as options like occupancy sensors.

Internet-enabled smart thermostats allow you to control your home's system from your mobile device. This can allow you to lower the temperature while you're away and turn it back up before you get home. This is convenient when going on vacation or for people with unpredictable schedules. They can also send notifications to your device to help you keep track of your energy use for cutting costs.

For homeowners with a variety of air-quality control units, such as humidifiers, dehumidifiers or air purifiers, there are thermostats that can manage all of your equipment. Coordinating your home's systems through one thermostat is a very convenient and attractive feature!

Precision

Choosing a thermostat that offers temperature precision can make all the difference. Today's technology can help decrease the discrepancies between what your thermostat says and what your system is actually doing. By being able to detect the ambient temperature more efficiently, your HVAC system won't have work as hard. Not only can this help with energy-efficiency, it can keep you comfier and from fiddling with your system's settings.

Looking For a New Thermostat?

Your search ends here! Let us help you find the perfect thermostat to suit all your needs at Ingrams Water and Air Equipment.